Microtubules are essential for the development and maintenance of axons and dendrites
throughout the life of the neuron, and are vulnerable to degradation and disorganization in a
variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Microtubules, polymers of tubulin heterodimers, are
intrinsically polar structures with a plus end favored for assembly and disassembly and a
minus end less favored for these dynamics. In the axon, microtubules are nearly uniformly
oriented with plus ends out, whereas in dendrites, microtubules have mixed orientations …